Posterior Mediastinal Ganglioneuroma Identified After Investigation of Persistent Cough in a Child: A Case Report

Main Article Content

Giulia Ferrás
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2363-0271
André Limeira Tenório de Albuquerque
Paulo Eduardo Hernandes Antunes
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5733-4202

Abstract

Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a neuroblastic tumor originating from neural crest cells. These tumors are rare, benign, and often asymptomatic, presenting symptoms primarily when adjacent structures are compressed. In this report, the authors describe a case of persistent cough in a three-year-old boy with an extensive thoracic mass, ultimately diagnosed as a posterior mediastinal ganglioneuroma, emphasizing the key aspects involved in diagnosing this condition. This case highlights the importance of imaging evaluation in refractory pediatric respiratory symptoms and underscores the need to include neuroblastic tumors in the differential diagnosis.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ferrás, G., Limeira Tenório de Albuquerque, A., & Antunes, P. E. H. (2025). Posterior Mediastinal Ganglioneuroma Identified After Investigation of Persistent Cough in a Child: A Case Report. Brazilian Journal of Case Reports, 6(1), bjcr135. https://doi.org/10.52600/2763-583X.bjcr.2026.6.1.bjcr135
Section
Clinical Case Reports
Author Biographies

Giulia Ferrás, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine

São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.

André Limeira Tenório de Albuquerque, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine

São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.

Paulo Eduardo Hernandes Antunes, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine

São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.

References

Perdomo Reyes C, Chambon C, Gonzalez Gonzalez D. Ganglioneuroma suprarrenal: reporte de un caso. Rev Med Urug. 2020 Aug 1;36(3).

Silva J, Cachulo MC, Leitão-Marques A. Establishing a secure connection … [Internet]. SciELO Brasil. 2025 [cited 2025 Oct 7]. Available from: https://www.scielo.br/j/abc/a/7nwhc4NscCq8SQxGVXRWQQP/?lang=en.

Ferreira Oliveira A, José Vieira L, Alexandre Moreira A, Baptista de Paula Fraga J, Ribeiro Lourenço Costa R. Ganglioneuroma retroperitoneal: relato de caso. Ganglioneuroma retroperitoneal: case report [Internet]. [cited 2025 Oct 7]. Available from: https://cdn.publisher.gn1.link/relatosdocbc.org.br/pdf/n1a07.pdf.

Guan YB, Zhang WD, Zeng QS, Chen GQ, He JX. CT and MRI findings of thoracic ganglioneuroma. Br J Radiol. 2012 May 10;85(1016):e365–72.

Majbar A, Elmouhadi S, Elaloui M, Raiss M, Sabbah F, Hrora A, et al. Imaging features of adrenal ganglioneuroma: a case report. BMC Res Notes [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2025 Oct 7];7:791. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4289252/.

Pacella G, Brunese MC, Donnarumma F, Barrassi M, Bellifemine F, Sciaudone G, et al. Imaging of ganglioneuroma: a literature review and a rare case of cystic presentation in an adolescent girl. Diagnostics (Basel) [Internet]. 2023 Jan 1 [cited 2023 Oct 6];13(13):2190. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/13/2190.

Rueda-de-Eusebio A, de la Torre Serrano M, Victoria Artalejo A, Mendez R. Adrenal ganglioneuroma with radiology–pathology correlation. Cureus [Internet]. 2024 Sep 17 [cited 2025 Oct 7]. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/281594-adrenal-ganglioneuroma-with-radiology-pathology-correlation.

Zhang QW, Song T, Yang PP, Hao Q. Retroperitoneum ganglioneuroma: imaging features and surgical outcomes of 35 cases at a Chinese institution. BMC Med Imaging. 2021 Jul 22;21(1).

Gahr N, Darge K, Hahn G, Kreher BW, von Buiren M, Uhl M. Diffusion-weighted MRI for differentiation of neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma/ganglioneuroma. Eur J Radiol [Internet]. 2010 May 13;79(3):443–6. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0720048X1000149X.

Shin JH, Lee HK, Khang SK, Kim DW, Jeong AK, Ahn KJ, et al. Neuronal tumors of the central nervous system: radiologic findings and pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2002 Sep;22(5):1177–89.

Lasca A, Laia I, Pires Santos R, Dias Carneiro A, Moreira D. Paravertebral ganglioneuroma in pediatric age: a case report. Cureus. 2024 Jun 28.

Lonergan GJ, Schwab CM, Suarez ES, Carlson CL. From the archives of the AFIP. Radiographics. 2002 Jul;22(4):911–34.

Most read articles by the same author(s)