The Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review (BJCR) is committed to maintaining the highest standards of ethical practice in scientific publishing. Our policies are guided by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

All research published in BJCR must comply with ethical standards appropriate to the type of study. This includes:

• Human and animal research: Studies involving humans require approval from an institutional ethics committee and informed consent from participants. Animal studies must follow international and national ethical guidelines.

• Author conduct: Authors are expected to present original work, avoid plagiarism, and disclose any conflicts of interest or financial support.

• Reviewer and editor conduct: Peer reviewers and editors must maintain confidentiality, avoid conflicts of interest, and act impartially in evaluating submissions.

• Corrections and retractions: The journal has clear procedures for issuing corrections, retractions, or expressions of concern when errors or ethical issues are identified post-publication.

These policies ensure transparency, accountability, and integrity in all stages of publication.

For any questions regarding ethical matters, please contact us at bjcasereports@gmail.com or via WhatsApp +55 85 99186-4030.