Escalas de dor em crianças em idade pré-verbal e em crianças com comprometimento cognitivo e incapacidade de comunicação: uma revisão narrativa
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Abstract
O presente estudo teve por objetivo descrever escalas de avaliação da dor em crianças com comprometimento cognitivo e incapacidade de comunicação (CCIC) e aquelas de idade não verbal que foram e validadas no Brasil. Utilizando-se das bases eletrônicas de dados Pubmed, MEDLINE e Google Scholar e introduzindo-se os descritores em inglês (child or pediatric, intellectual disability, pain assessment e pain scale), obteve-se as escalas validadas para a língua inglesa. Para os artigos, as dissertações e as teses descrevendo escalas validadas para o Brasil sobre avaliação de dor em crianças com CCIC ou abaixo de 4 anos de idade utilizou-se a base de dados da BIREME, Domínio Público, Scielo, Google Scholar (artigos no Brasil) e BVS (Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde). Foram colocados os descritores acimas citados em português. Na literatura mundial, selecionou-se 10 escalas para avaliação de dor para crianças com CCIC. No Brasil, apenas 3 destas estão traduzidas e validadas no nosso meio. Para serviços pediátricos, recomenda-se utilizar as escalas que os profissionais têm maior experiência. A escala FLACC-r (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability-revised) foi traduzida e validada no nosso meio e é utilizada em crianças com CCIC, apresentando praticidade e rapidez no seu uso clínico.
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